Cricket's Sachin Tendulkar Announces Retirement

Sachin Tendulkar celebrates scoring his 100th century during the Asia Cup cricket match against Bangladesh in Dhaka on March 16, 2012. He said Thursday that he will retire from test cricket after his 200th test in November.

Aijaz Rahi/AP

Sachin Tendulkar celebrates scoring his 100th century during the Asia Cup cricket match against Bangladesh in Dhaka on March 16, 2012. He said Thursday that he will retire from test cricket after his 200th test in November.

Aijaz Rahi/AP

Sachin Tendulkar, the man who is to Indian cricket what Babe Ruth is to baseball, says he'll retire in November after his 200^thtest match, ending a more than two-decade-long career in which he broke many of the sport's batting records.

"All my life, I have had a dream of playing cricket for India. I have been living this dream every day for the last 24 years," Tendulkar said in a statement Thursday. "It's hard for me to imagine a life without playing cricket because it's all I have ever done since I was 11 years old. It's been a huge honor to have represented my country and played all over the world. I look forward to playing my 200th Test Match on home soil, as I call it a day."

The announcement, which was expected, marks the end of an era for Indian cricket. Tendulkar, along with the West Indies' Brian Lara, entertained the sport's fans with his batting prowess through much of the 1990s and 2000s. And though his powers waned slightly, his zeal for the game and his fans' enthusiasm for him did not.

For an excellent summary of Tendulkar's 24-year career, visit ESPNCricinfo. In this video, the website also chronicles why Tendulkar is so beloved in the cricketing world:

Tendulkar, now 40, made his debut in 1989 against India's arch rival, Pakistan, as a 16 year old. He quickly impressed opponents as well as fans and never looked back. He spent much of the next decade dominating opposing teams and winning the respect of his rivals.

Two-Way readers might recall that Tendulkar isn't a stranger to this blog. Two years ago, he became the first man to score a double century in a one-day international. As Mark Memmott noted at the time, that's like "Roger Bannister breaking the four-minute mile mark. Wilt Chamberlain scoring 100 points in an NBA game. Or maybe Don Larsen throwing a perfect game in the 1956 World Series."

More recently, Tendulkar became a member of India's upper house of Parliament, appointed to one of a dozen seats reserved for "people who distinguish themselves in the fields of arts, science or social service."

Tendulkar came to the international sport when India was a cricketing backwater and its team's performances were mostly poor. For many years, he single-handedly propped up the team — and the nation — with his performances.

India's 1 billion people expected Tendulkar to succeed each time he stepped out onto the cricket field. It's astonishing how often he did.

His contribution to the Indian cricket can be summed up by one quote from teammate Virat Kohli. India had just won cricket's 2012 World Cup, and the team hoisted up Tendulkar and carried him around the ground.

"He's carried the burden of the nation for 21 years," Kohli said. "It is time we carried him on our shoulders."

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Fermi telescope detects the highest-energy light from a solar flare

This image from Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT) shows how the entire sky looked on March 7 in the light of gamma rays with energies beyond 100 MeV. Although the Vela pulsar is the brightest continuous LAT source, it was outmatched this day by the X5.4 solar flare, which brightened the gamma-ray sun by 1,000 times. Credit: (Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration)

(Phys.org) -- During a powerful solar blast on March 7, NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected the highest-energy light ever associated with an eruption on the sun. The discovery heralds Fermi's new role as a solar observatory, a powerful new tool for understanding solar outbursts during the sun's maximum period of activity.

A solar flare is an explosive blast of light and charged particles. The powerful March 7 flare, which earned a classification of X5.4 based on the peak intensity of its X-rays, is the strongest eruption so far observed by Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT). The flare produced such an outpouring of gamma rays -- a form of light with even greater energy than X-rays -- that the sun briefly became the brightest object in the gamma-ray sky.

"For most of Fermi's four years in orbit, its LAT saw the sun as a faint, steady gamma-ray source thanks to the impacts of high-speed particles called cosmic rays," said Nicola Omodei, an astrophysicist at Stanford University in California. "Now we're beginning to see what the sun itself can do."

Solar flares produce gamma rays by several processes, one of which is illustrated here. The energy released in a solar flare rapidly accelerates charged particles. When a high-energy proton strikes matter in the sun's atmosphere and visible surface, the result may be a short-lived particle -- a pion -- that emits gamma rays when it decays. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Omodei described Fermi's solar studies to journalists today at the 220th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Anchorage, Alaska.

At the flare's peak, the LAT detected gamma rays with two billion times the energy of visible light, or about four billion electron volts (GeV), easily setting a record for the highest-energy light ever detected during or immediately after a solar flare. The flux of high-energy gamma rays, defined as those with energies beyond 100 million electron volts (MeV), was 1,000 times greater than the sun's steady output.

The March flare also is notable for the persistence of its gamma-ray emission. Fermi's LAT detected high-energy gamma rays for about 20 hours, two and a half times longer than any event on record.

Additionally, the event marks the first time a greater-than-100-MeV gamma-ray source has been localized to the sun's disk, thanks to the LAT's keen angular resolution.

Flares and other eruptive solar events produce gamma rays by accelerating charged particles, which then collide with matter in the sun's atmosphere and visible surface. For instance, interactions among protons result in short-lived subatomic particles called pions, which produce high-energy gamma rays when they decay. Nuclei excited by collisions with lower-energy ions give off characteristic gamma rays as they settle down. Accelerated electrons emit gamma rays as they collide with protons and atomic nuclei.

Fermi's LAT scans the entire sky every 3 hours, looking for gamma rays with energies ranging from 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV. Its high sensitivity and wide field of view make the LAT an excellent tool for solar monitoring.

Another Fermi instrument, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), observes the entire sky not blocked by the Earth at any given moment. Designed to detect light at energies from 8,000 eV to 40 MeV, the GBM's complementary capabilities give scientists access to a lower, but overlapping energy range where solar phenomena produce interesting features.

Both instruments observed a strong, but less powerful solar flare on June 12, 2010.

"Seeing the rise and fall of this brief flare in both instruments allowed us to determine that some of these particles were accelerated to two-thirds of the speed of light in as little as 3 seconds," said Michael Briggs, a member of GBM team at the University of Alabama in Huntsville.

Solar eruptions are on the rise as the sun progresses toward the peak of its roughly 11-year-long activity cycle, now expected in mid-2013.

"Merged with available theoretical models, Fermi observations will give us the ability to reconstruct the energies and types of particles that interact with the sun during flares, an understanding that will open up whole new avenues in solar research," said Gerald Share, an astrophysicist at the University of Maryland in College Park.

Provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

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Necessary Steps for Successful ecommerce Web Design

You are here: Home // Computer // Necessary Steps for Successful ecommerce Web Design

DATE ? CITY, STATE ? (Kazor.com) ?
11/6/2012 -ahmedabad-gujarat
Ecommerce is one among the latest movements in the field of business. It has almost changed the entire face of business. By a quality ecommerce web design, your reach is very huge and more business can be achieved. These days you can rarely find any businesses which don?t have a website of their own. There are a lot of means for advertising and among those the position of website is dominant. Website is not just a mere advertisement but very much more than that. Having a good website will help you to build greater brand awareness and you are accessible to the customers all time around the clock. For developing a successful ecommerce website design certain steps must be followed.

Ecommerce designing focuses on developing certain online marketing places which sells your products to consumers easily. The professional before entering into the process of ecommerce designing looks for the minutest of details. The first step is the analysis of the business of the clients. The professional also check your competitor?s site and understands its positives and pitfalls. Thus he identifies your requirements and offers a lot of suggestion if you have an existing website. If not, he will take suggestions from you regarding your preferences and ideas. Then they formulate the project by sensible thinking and genuine evaluations. Then they acquire necessary resources. The resources are professionals skilled in various areas and the required tools. After that the entire project of eCommerce Web Design is divided into certain parts and assigned to different professionals who are expert in the concerned area. Scheduling and distribution of resources help in the maximum utilization of the skills and the product will be of high quality. The phase of designing involves the presentation of your products and service in the most attractive and favorable manner. Layouts, proper color schemes, back grounds and the contrasting fonts which are stylish, harmonious and compatible to the nature of your business should be selected. The design services assure that there will be a decent brand image built for your organization. The final phase regarding the ecommerce design is launching of the ecommerce website. The service providers take care of all the requirements of the website and check it for ease in navigation and the grace of feel and looks of the website. Organization of content and dynamic linking are also considered with great relevance.

The companies offering web design also offers a lot of other services. As everyone in the online world knows that visibility is highly anticipated, the professional service providers do their best to make you visible in the search results. Almost all companies will be having a special expert team who remain updated with the latest SEO strategies and optimize your web pages accordingly. The more you are visible, more sales you get. Besides SEO the Website Design Company companies also offers content writing web hosting etc. But you should be wise and select the service provider only after doing enough research and critical comparisons. Else your investment may go in vain and business will be affected adversely.

HariKrishna Kundariya is CEO of eCommerce Web design company eSparkinfo Solution.Our Website Design CompanyProvides affordable services like Website Design Services, Graphic design services, Small Business Web Design and internet marketing services.

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New film shows how Houston's death changed Grammys

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Black hole growth found to be out of sync

Tuesday, June 12, 2012

New evidence from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory challenges prevailing ideas about how black holes grow in the centers of galaxies. Astronomers long have thought that a supermassive black hole and the bulge of stars at the center of its host galaxy grow at the same rate -- the bigger the bulge, the bigger the black hole. However, a new study of Chandra data has revealed two nearby galaxies with supermassive black holes that are growing faster than the galaxies themselves.

The mass of a giant black hole at the center of a galaxy typically is a tiny fraction -- about 0.2 percent -- of the mass contained in the bulge, or region of densely packed stars, surrounding it. The targets of the latest Chandra study, galaxies NGC 4342 and NGC 4291, have black holes 10 times to 35 times more massive than they should be compared to their bulges. The new observations with Chandra show the halos, or massive envelopes of dark matter in which these galaxies reside, also are overweight.

This study suggests the two supermassive black holes and their evolution are tied to their dark matter halos and did not grow in tandem with the galactic bulges. In this view, the black holes and dark matter halos are not overweight, but the total mass in the galaxies is too low.

"This gives us more evidence of a link between two of the most mysterious and darkest phenomena in astrophysics -- black holes and dark matter -- in these galaxies," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) in Cambridge, Mass., who led the new study.

NGC 4342 and NGC 4291 are close to Earth in cosmic terms, at distances of 75 million and 85 million light years. Astronomers had known from previous observations that these galaxies host black holes with relatively large masses, but are not certain what is responsible for the disparity. Based on the new Chandra observations, however, they are able to rule out a phenomenon known as tidal stripping.

Tidal stripping occurs when some of a galaxy's stars are stripped away by gravity during a close encounter with another galaxy. If such tidal stripping had taken place, the halos mostly would have been missing. Because dark matter extends farther away from the galaxies, it is more loosely tied to them than the stars and more likely to be pulled away.

To rule out tidal stripping, astronomers used Chandra to look for evidence of hot, X-ray-emitting gas around the two galaxies. Because the pressure of hot gas -- estimated from X-ray images -- balances the gravitational pull of all the matter in the galaxy, the new Chandra data can provide information about the dark matter halos. The hot gas was found to be distributed widely around NGC 4342 and NGC 4291, implying that each galaxy has an unusually massive dark matter halo and that tidal stripping is unlikely.

"This is the clearest evidence we have, in the nearby universe, for black holes growing faster than their host galaxy," said co-author Bill Forman, also of CfA. "It's not that the galaxies have been compromised by close encounters, but instead they had some sort of arrested development."

How can the mass of a black hole grow faster than the stellar mass of its host galaxy? The study's authors suggest a large concentration of gas spinning slowly in the galactic center is what the black hole consumes very early in its history. It grows quickly, and as it grows, the amount of gas it can accrete, or swallow, increases along with the energy output from the accretion. After the black hole reaches a critical mass, outbursts powered by the continued consumption of gas prevent cooling and limit the production of new stars.

"It's possible that the supermassive black hole reached a hefty size before there were many stars at all in the galaxy," said Bogdan. "That is a significant change in our way of thinking about how galaxies and black holes evolve together."

The results were presented June 11 at the 220th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Anchorage, Alaska. The study also has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal.

###

Chandra X-ray Center: http://chandra.harvard.edu

Thanks to Chandra X-ray Center for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Coast Guard offers reward in yacht explosion hoax

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Supersize Your Smartphone?s Screen with ClamBook

We’ve seen ClamCases that convert your iPad into a small laptop, but now ClamCase is introducing the ClamBook that converts your smartphone into “the ultimate connected device.”? The ClamBook won’t be released until late this year, and specifications aren’t finalized yet, but it supposedly will connect to iOS and Android smartphones and add a widescreen [...]

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